@sustainpsu

SDG 142023-11-29T12:45:44-05:00
Life Below Water

Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

This goal take an environmental approach by targeting efforts to reduce marine pollution; sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems; improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity; conserve coastal and marine areas; and, minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification through the implementation of science-based management plans. It fosters social capacity with a focus on increasing scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology and prohibiting subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing. It addresses economic issues by focusing on increasing economic benefits for sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism and provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers. See below for Penn State’s work on the targets and indicators for this goal.

Source: SciVal.com | This word cloud was created using publications from Penn State researchers


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Supporting Evidence

1) Does Penn State offer educational programs on fresh-water ecosystems (water irrigation practices, water management/conservation) for local or national communities?2024-10-11T17:04:56-04:00

Yes, Penn State University offers offer educational programs on fresh-water ecosystems (water irrigation practices, water management/conservation) for local or national communities. They are free and paid educational programs on topics that include fresh water ecosystems programs such as Watershed Stewards and water management and conservation programs such as pond management and watershed restoration programs. The university also offers educational programs on fresh-water ecosystems for youth that include stormwater education, watersheds, and water quality issues. 

Penn State’s Agriculture and Environment Center focuses on solving water quality challenges related to the impacts of land use and land management by fostering partnerships with stakeholders engaged in land and water issues. It integrates education, research, community outreach, and extension assets to help communities and stakeholders solve land and water-related environmental problems at multiple scales.  

The Penn State Extension Center provides many programs and resources about water irrigation practices, management, and conservation.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

2) Does Penn State offer educational programs / outreach for local or national communities on sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism?2024-10-11T17:04:19-04:00

Yes, Penn State offers educational programs and outreach for local or national communities on sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism.

As a Sea Grant university, the mission is “to enhance the use and conservation of Pennsylvania’s coastal, marine, and Great Lakes resources to create a healthy environment, resilient and inclusive communities, and a strong and sustainable economy.”

The 2024-2027 Pennsylvania Sea Grant Strategic Plan plans to address the following:

  • Environmental Literacy and Workforce Development
  • Healthy Coastal Ecosystems
  • Resilient Communities and Economies
  • Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture

A core value of the program is dedication to sustainability, which focuses on “Advancing environmental stewardship practices and communicating the value of the services that the coastal, watershed, ocean, and Great Lakes ecosystems provide to the nation.” Facilitating an informed public by promoting and delivering educational practices that engage participants in stewardship- and place-based learning is another core value of the Pennsylvania Sea Grant program.

The Sea Grant program collaborates with state, regional, and national programs to improve Pennsylvania’s coastal community resiliency and environmental literacy, and protect and restore its coastal, marine, and Great Lakes resources. These efforts serving on and participating in a variety of boards, committees, and organizations which include:

  • Chesapeake Bay Invasive Catfish Workgroup
  • Chesapeake Bay Regional Communications Committee
  • Community Resilience Action Network of Erie
  • Delaware County Coastal Zone Management Task Force
  • Erie County Coastal Zone Management Task Force
  • Great Lakes Panel on Aquatic Invasive Species
  • Governor’s Invasive Species Council
  • Lake Erie Region Conservancy
  • Lake Erie Watershed Cooperative Weed Management Area
  • Mid-Atlantic Aquatic Invasive Species Panel
  • Pennsylvania Advisory Committee for Environmental Education
  • Pennsylvania Association of Natural Resource Extension Professionals
  • Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Statewide Coastal Advisory Committee
  • Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Water Resources Advisory Committee
  • Pennsylvania Environmental Literacy Steering Committee
  • Pennsylvania Green and Healthy Schools Partnership Advisory Committee
  • Pennsylvania Lake Erie Harmful Algal Bloom Taskforce
  • Pennsylvania Lake Erie Watershed Association
  • Pennsylvania Master Watershed Stewards Statewide Advisory Committee
  • Pennsylvania Meaningful Environmental and Watershed Educational Experience Task Force
  • Penn State Water Team
  • Pennsylvania Water Resources Research Center External Advisory Committee
  • Philadelphia Higher Education Network for Neighborhood Development
  • Regional Outdoor Learning Network
  • Regional Science Consortium Executive Board
  • Schuylkill Action Network – Stormwater Subgroup
  • School District of Philadelphia Green Futures Education for Sustainability Committee
  • Sea Grant communities of practices, such as:
    • Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Justice
    • Green Infrastructure
    • Hazardous Material Transport Outreach Network
    • Marine Debris

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

3) Does Penn State offer educational outreach activities for local or national communities to raise awareness about overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices?2024-10-11T17:03:44-04:00

Yes, the university offers educational outreach for local or national communities to raise awareness about overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices primarily through two key efforts.

1) Penn State administers Pennsylvania’s Sea Grant program whose strategic plan outlines how it offers educational materials and curriculum, resources and activities for local or national communities to raise awareness about overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices.  These are featured prominently in two of the focus areas of the strategic plan: Healthy Coastal Ecosystems Goals, Actions, and Outcomes and Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture Goals, Actions, and Outcomes. Goals in these focus areas include:

  • Coastal and Great Lakes habitats, ecosystems, and the services they provide are protected, enhanced, and/or restored.
  • Land, water, and living resources are managed by applying science, tools, and services to sustain resilient coastal and Great Lakes ecosystems.
  • Natural resources are sustainably managed to support coastal communities and working waterfronts, including commercial, recreational, subsistence fisheries, and aquaculture.

In the Sea Grant Strategic Plan, actions and outcomes directly related to educational outreach for local or national communities to raise awareness about overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices include ensuring the best available science, services, and tools available to and trusted by resource managers, fishing and aquaculture communities, and consumers in order to support:

  • Commercial and recreational fishers and aquaculturists who are knowledgeable about efficient, sustainable, and responsible tools, techniques, and uses of coastal and freshwater resources.
  • Resource managers and fishing and aquaculture communities access to and share diverse knowledge and tools to increase their capability to adapt to changing resource management needs, including those driven by climate change.
  • Consumers understand the health and sustainability benefits of domestically produced seafood and use that knowledge to inform their seafood purchasing decisions.

2) Penn State Extension provides educational materials, webinars, and workshops for safe and sustainable fishing practices.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

4) Does Penn State support and/or organize events aimed to promote conservation and sustainable utilization of the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers and marine resources?2024-10-11T17:03:08-04:00

Yes, Penn State organizes events which promote conservation and sustainable utilization of oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and marine resources through its Sea Grant program, Riparia Center, Extension programs, with the Pennsylvania Water Council, and through resources on the Office of Physical Plant website.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

5) Does Penn State work directly (research and/or engagement with industries) to maintain and extend existing ecosystems and their biodiversity, of both plants and animals, especially ecosystems under threat?2024-10-11T16:58:51-04:00

Penn State’s Agriculture and Environment Center Community Watershed Engagement Program brings Penn State researchers, educators and students together with community members to work directly, through research and engagement with industries, to maintain and extend existing ecosystems and their biodiversity to solve water quality problems in local priority watersheds. 

The Chiques-Conoy-Conewago Regional Partnership is a diverse set of agriculture and conservation partners working together to provide sampling and data collection, outreach, technical assistance, and funding assistance to interested farmers in the region. 

The Greening the Lower Susquehanna watershed engagement program engages partners and citizens to accelerate the implementation of green infrastructure to restore local streams and manage runoff. 

The Sustainable Watersheds Program promotes, restores, and maintains healthy local watersheds through collaborative community engagement and engaged scholarship. 

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

6) Does Penn State work directly (research and/or engagement with industries) on technologies or practices that enable marine industry to minimize or prevent damage to aquatic ecosystems?2024-10-11T16:58:04-04:00

Yes, Penn State University works directly on technologies and practices that will enable the marine industry to minimize and prevent damage to aquatic ecosystems through research and community engagement projects. Examples include:

  • Engaged scholarship projects focused on stormwater management;
  • Extension materials, workshops and webinars on water resource management;
  • Riparia Center research and tools for conservation and restoration of wetlands, wildlife, and aquatic resources;
  • Sea Grant research and resources such as educational materials, fact sheets, maps, manuals, and reports;
  • Curating the Water-Energy-Food Nexus Discovery Map that aids in fostering comprehensive sustainable development projects around the globe by providing filterable research and data visualization that allows users to locate areas of need, growth, partnership, and action. 

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

7) Does Penn State have water quality standards and guidelines for water discharges (to uphold water quality in order to protect ecosystems, wildlife, and human health and welfare, etc.)?2024-10-11T16:55:26-04:00

Yes, Penn State does has water quality standards and guidelines for water discharges that follow EPA Clean Water Act standards. In addition, the university has Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting for all discharges to the environment. 

There is a university policy (SY40) to not discharge any wastewater to any surface water body.

Since 1983, spray application of all University Park wastewater goes onto a Living Filter to recharge the groundwater.  Begun as a research project in 1962, the Penn State Waste Water Renovation and Conservation project demonstrated that treated effluent could be successfully recycled back into the water supply when applied to agricultural land under the right conditions. Today, the university pumps hundreds of millions of gallons of waste water each year to land north of the university where, instead of being discharged into streams, it is sprayed on agricultural and forest land, and eventually replenishes local groundwater supplies.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

8) Does Penn State have an action plan in place to reduce plastic waste on campus?2024-10-11T16:49:51-04:00

Yes, the university Waste Reduction Task Force has outlined an action plan in their 2019 Report. A primary recommendation they outlined is to encourage waste reduction across campus via reusable mugs, beverage cups, and other reusable food containers and to reduce single-use plastic bags. Reducing plastic bags on campus is listed as a priority.

As of August, 2023, Penn State Housing and Food Services no longer uses Styrofoam products at its residential dining locations at University Park and the Commonwealth Campuses. All dining locations will use either recyclable, reusable, or compostable containers. See the news story HERE.

The university is exploring, with the guidance of the Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs Manager and the interim director of the composting facility, how to improve the composting operation that, if done, will enable us to reduce single-use plastics and convert to compostable food service ware.  

The university Recycling Policy establishes a Recycling and Reuse Policy with a targeted goal to develop and implement a policy that will promote waste reduction at the University to include recycling, reuse, composting, and green purchasing. 

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

9) Does Penn State have a policy on preventing and reducing marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities?2024-10-10T14:55:11-04:00

Yes, Penn State University has a set of interrelated policies and plans to prevent and reduce marine pollution.

To prevent and reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, the university has:

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

10) Does Penn State have a plan to minimize physical, chemical and/or biological alterations of related aquatic ecosystems?2024-10-10T14:50:01-04:00

Yes, the university has several long-standing plans that are followed to minimize alterations of aquatic ecosystems related to campus. Key examples include:

  • Treated effluent from Penn State’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has been land-applied year-round at sprayfields – the “Living Filter” – since 1983 rather than stream-discharged.
    • “In the living filter system the post treatment effluent is sprayed over 600 acres of agricultural and forest land as a final filtration step before entering the groundwater. ” (source).
    • An estimated 90% of the irrigated water, over 500 million gallons per year, recharges the region’s water table.  The land application of treated wastewater helps to maintain base flows in streams and reduces the impacts of drought conditions.
  • The SY40 Disposal of Pollutants in University Sanitary Systems policy prohibits the disposal of materials that could adversely affect the general public or wastewater personnel in the course of their work, could interfere with the operation of the University Sanitary Sewer system, or could pass through inadequately treated into the environment.
  • Penn State’s WWTP has not discharged to Thompson Run since 1983 and is thought to be one of the many reasons that the water quality of Spring Creek is considered to be better now than any time in the last 100 years. 
  • Penn State University has extensive stormwater management on site to minimize impacts to surface water bodies and streams. 
  • The University overall is a net zero discharger of surface runoff.
  • Guiding Principles for Campus Planning encourages the efficient use of resources (energy, water, materials, etc.) to provide economic solutions, minimize demand, reduce waste, and preserve and protect natural resources; protecting the quality of water resources and the natural environment by establishing protected environmental resource areas; and developing a comprehensive campus stormwater management approach to mitigate impacts of campus development and improve water quality.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

11) Does Penn State monitor the health of aquatic ecosystems?2024-10-10T14:42:55-04:00

Yes, the university uses several approaches to monitor the health of aquatic ecosystems.

The university conducts water quality sampling in surface waters where we discharge to as part of our stormwater management program which is described in the Stormwater Guidance, Policies, and Master Plan document.

The Riparia Center on the University Park campus conducts long-term studies of the ecology and management of wetlands, streams, and riparian areas across the Commonwealth on a watershed basis, develops and tests ecological indicators for wetlands, streams, and forests.

The University also partners with local agencies and organizations (Trout Unlimited, Spring Creek Watershed Management, etc.) to monitor water quality in the Centre Region. 

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

12) Does Penn State develop and support programs and incentives that encourage and maintain good aquatic stewardship practices?2024-10-10T14:39:09-04:00

Yes, Penn State University Penn State develops, supports, and offers programs that encourage and maintain good aquatic stewardship practices. For example:

  • University Extension developed a statewide Watershed Stewards program which encourages good aquatic stewardship practices.
  • University Extension developed water management and conservation programs such as pond management and watershed restoration programs.
  • The University has developed programs such as a Water Resources Preservation Areas (WRPAs) land-use classification for approximately 455 acres of land at University Park which has resulted in the University overall becoming a net zero discharger of surface runoff.
  • The purpose of the university’s Stormwater Protection Plan is to promote health, safety, and welfare within the University and its watershed by minimizing the harm to the environment by stormwater from the campus through provisions designed to manage stormwater runoff impacts at their source by regulating activities that cause the problems and by using minimum structural controls, relying on natural processes. All new development and redevelopment projects at the University have the goal of reducing peak runoff rates downstream.
  • Penn State’s Extension offers webinars, workshops, and articles about water quality and management that are available for free online to all. The Penn State Agriculture and Environment Center is focused on solving today’s water quality challenges related to the impacts of land use and land management.  

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

13) Does Penn State collaborate with the local community, e.g. through partnerships, in efforts to maintain shared aquatic ecosystems?2024-10-10T14:27:12-04:00

Yes, Penn State partners with numerous local community organizations to maintain shared aquatic ecosystems.

Partners include Spring Creek Watershed Commission, Trout Unlimited, the local townships, and the Borough of State College. Together, we evaluate and manage water quality in the region, primarily through the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems Partnership with Ferguson, Harris, Patton, and College Townships and the Borough of State College.   

The Stormwater Living Lab program was initially funded by the university’s Strategic Initiative Seed Grant and utilizes our multi-campus network to create a living laboratory for green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) research, education, and innovation and to build community capacity. Community projects are a point of pride for this program, and are featured HERE

Penn State’s Agriculture and Environment Center Community Watershed Engagement Program brings Penn State researchers, educators and students together with community members to solve water quality problems in local priority watersheds. 

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

14) Does Penn State have an implemented watershed management strategy based on location specific diversity of aquatic species?2024-10-10T14:18:20-04:00

Yes. the university has implemented a watershed management strategy that is location specific to protect aquatic diversity outlined in the stormwater management permit.

The purpose of the Penn State Stormwater Program is to promote health, safety, and welfare within the University and its watershed. Details can be found in the Stormwater Program document.

An example of a strategy included are limitations on temperature of stormwater discharge to the environment to protect the downstream cold water fishery known as Spring Creek. An overview of Spring Creek explain how it interacts with campus and the stream conditions report reflect impacts of discharges.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

 

15) Does your university as a body have a policy to ensure that food on campus that comes from aquatic ecosystems is sustainably harvested?2024-10-10T14:09:11-04:00

No, Penn State does not have a policy to ensure that food on campus that comes from aquatic ecosystems is sustainably harvested.

Learn more about Penn State’s Progress on SDG 14 HERE.

Targets & Indicators

Target 14.1: By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution

  • Indicator 14.1.1: (a) Index of coastal eutrophication; and (b) plastic debris density

Target 14.2: By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans

  • Indicator 14.2.1: Number of countries using ecosystem-based approaches to managing marine areas

Target 14.3: Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels

  • Indicator 14.3.1: Average marine acidity (pH) measured at agreed suite of representative sampling stations

Target 14.4: By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics

  • Indicator 14.4.1: Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels

Target 14.5: By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, consistent with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information

  • Indicator 14.5.1: Coverage of protected areas in relation to marine areas

Target 14.6: By 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization fisheries subsidies negotiation4

  • Indicator 14.6.1: Degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing

Target 14.7: By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism

  • Indicator 14.7.1: Sustainable fisheries as a proportion of GDP in small island developing States, least developed countries and all countries

Target 14.a: Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries

  • Indicator 14.a.1: Proportion of total research budget allocated to research in the field of marine technology

Target 14.b: Provide access for small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets

  • Indicator 14.b.1: Degree of application of a legal/regulatory/ policy/institutional framework which recognizes and protects access rights for small-scale fisheries

Target 14.c: Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want”

  • Indicator 14.c.1: Number of countries making progress in ratifying, accepting and implementing through legal, policy and institutional frameworks, ocean-related instruments that implement international law, as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources
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